The ADA Amendments Act - What Employers Need To Know

Featured Presenter: Gavin S. Appleby, Esq. of Littler Mendelson
Employment Law Attorney and popular IAML Instructor



Who Will Benefit:
This intermediate level program is for employment law and human resource professionals, ADA coordinators, attorneys, and others who manage or need to understand the ADA.

About This IAML AudioPro ConferenceSM:
On September 25, 2008, President Bush signed into law the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA). The ADAAA, which will become effective on January 1, 2009, clearly will cause a greater number of employees to be covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). In fact, that is the primary purpose of the ADAAA.

Q:     What should employers and employees know about the ways in which the ADAAA results in greater coverage?

A:     Currently, to state a claim under the ADA, an individual must suffer from an impairment that "substantially limits a major life activity." With the goal of construing the ADA to afford "broad coverage," the ADAAA overturns several Supreme Court decisions holding that an employer may consider medical mitigating measures (from glasses to medication) that control impairments when determining whether an impairment constitutes a disability. As a result of this change prohibiting the consideration of mitigating measures, and by way of example, the ADA will now protect individuals whose diabetes is controlled by insulin or whose depression or bipolar disorder is controlled by anti-depressants. The ADAAA does say that glasses and contact lenses can still be considered as medical mitigating measures, but nothing else.

The ADAAA overturns yet another Supreme Court case by rejecting the definition of "substantially limits" to mean "significantly restricted." The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) now must revise its regulation with respect to the term "substantially limit" to be consistent with the goal of broadening, rather than limiting, coverage under the ADA. Even under the ADAAA, however, an individual whose impairment merely limits a major life activity is not covered.

Also consistent with the goal of expanding coverage, the ADAAA added to the list several "major life activities" which a disability may affect including, but not limited to, eating, sleeping, bending, reading, concentrating, and major bodily functions. Finally, the ADAAA includes in its scope individuals whose impairment is episodic or in remission if, when active, the impairment would substantially limit a major life activity.

Historically, the ADA protected individuals "regarded as" having a disability regardless of whether the individual actually suffered from a disability. The ADAAA expands coverage yet again in this area by including people who have been discriminated against as a result of a perceived impairment regardless of whether the perceived impairment limits or is perceived to limit a major life activity. The good news for employers is that there is no duty to accommodate disabilities that are only perceived.

The long and short of these legal changes is that employers are going to have focus much more on reasonable accommodation than they ever have before. Given that the ADAAA will result in millions of additional employees now being covered by the ADA, analysis of reasonable accommodation questions will be central to an employer's success in dealing with this revised law.

Featured Presenter:
Gavin S. Appleby is a Shareholder with the law firm of Littler Mendelson in Atlanta where he advises and represents employers in a broad course of employment law matters. His focus ranges from defending single plaintiff and class action employment cases to advising on and litigating wage and hour matters and handling OSHA issues. He also has significant experience in union avoidance, defending union campaigns, handling arbitrations and mediations, and conducting investigations. In the course of his career, Mr. Appleby has tried or arbitrated in excess of 150 cases. He has handled over 75 union campaigns, none of which resulted in continuing union representation at any of the facilities in question. Mr. Appleby provides employers with consulting on human resource practices, including establishing ADR processes, developing systems for providing better and more effective advice to managers, and instituting programs aimed at early resolution of employment problems. He is nationally known for his employment law and diversity training, as well as for developing legally-defensible diversity programs. He also is an expert on OFCCP matters and Title IX compliance. Prior to joining Littler Mendelson he was with Powell, Goldstein and was previously Chief Litigation Counsel with Kimberly-Clark Corporation. He received his B.A. degree from West Virginia Wesleyan College, magna cum laude and his J.D. degree from the University of Virginia where he was a member of the national Moot Court Team. Mr. Appleby is a member of the American Bar Association and the State Bar of Georgia. He lectures extensively throughout the country and has written a number of published articles on employment and labor law issues. He is also the co-author of a text on pre-employment testing. He has been consistently rated among IAML's top four instructors over the past 14 years.

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